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ObjectiveTo prepare oral nanoemulsions encapsulating essential oil from Alpinia zerumbet fructus（EOFAZ） and to investigate its pro-absorption effect in vitro and distribution in vivo. MethodThe proteoglycan conjugate polysaccharides of vinegar-processed Bupleuri Radix-bovine serum albumin（VBCP-BSA） was prepared by Maillard reaction of VBCP and BSA. Taking VBCP-BSA as emulsifier， vitamin B12（VB12） as absorption enhancer， and medium chain triglycerides mixed with EOFAZ as oil phase， the nanoemulsions loaded with EOFAZ was prepared by high energy emulsification method. The particle size， particle size distribution， surface Zeta potential， EOFAZ content and appearance and morphology of the nanoemulsions were characterized， and fluorescein tracer method was used to investigate the absorption effect of fluorescein-labeled EOFAZ nanoemulsions in vitro and their distribution in vivo. ResultVBCP-BSA was formed by Maillard reaction for 48 h with high grafting rate. Using VBCP-BSA as emulsifier， the homogeneous pink nanoemulsions was prepared and denoted as EOFAZ@VBCP-BSA/VB12. The particle size of the nanoemulsions was less than 100 nm and the particle size distribution was uniform. The surface of the nanoemulsions was a weak negative charge， and the shape was spherical. The encapsulation rate of the nanoemulsions for EOFAZ was greater than 80%， which had a good absorption effect in vitro and could enhance liver accumulation after oral administration. ConclusionThe designed proteoglycan nanoemulsions can effectively load EOFAZ， promote oral absorption and enhance liver distribution， which can provide experimental basis for the development of oral EOFAZ liver protection preparations.
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@#In order to improve the poor solubility and low bioavailability of paeonol (Pae), paeonol-nanoemulsion (Pae-NE) was prepared, and its effect on uptake of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was investigated.Pae-NE was prepared by phase inversion composition (PIC), the formulation of Pae-NE was optimized by single factor method and central composite design-response surface method (CCD), and the pharmaceutical properties were further characterized.Moreover, MTT was applied to evaluate the toxicity of Pae-NE on HUVECs, and the cellular uptake efficiency of Pae-NE was detected by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.The results showed that the optimal formulation of Pae-NE was 20 mg of Pae, 55.1 mg of LCT, 144.9 mg of MCT, 600 mg of HS15, and 200 mg of 1,2 propylene glycol.The Pae-NE appearance was a light blue emulsion, and the average particle size is (25.69 ± 0.03) nm, with PDI of 0.182 ± 0.09, Zeta potential of -(4.01 ± 0.30) mV and good stability.The drug loading of Pae-NE was (1.967 ± 0.28) mg/mL and encapsulation rate of (99.36 ± 0.1)%.Pae-NE performed no significant effect on HUVECs growth in the Pae concentration range of 10-1-10-3 μg/mL.Moreover, NE as a drug delivery carrier significantly enhanced the uptake efficiency of Pae on HUVECs.In conclusion, Pae-NE preparation method was simple and stable, and promotes HUVECs uptake efficiency of Pae, suggesting that NE was a better dosage form reference for the lipid-soluble drug of Pae.
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OBJE CTIVE To prepare and characterize evodiamine phospholipid complex self-microemulsifying drug delivery system（EVO-PC-SMEDDS），and to investigate its gastric mucosal permeability. METHODS EVO-PC-SMEDDS was prepared ， and particle size ，polydispersity（PDI）and Zeta potential were tested ，and microscopic observation was carried out. The stability of EVO-PC-SMEDDS in simulated gastric liquid with different pH （1.2，2.0，4.0，7.0）was investigated. The entrapment efficiency and drug-loading amount of the preparation were determined ，and the in vitro release was investigated. The gastric mucosal permeability of EVO-PC-SMEDDS was studied by combining rat gastric mucosal tissue and Ussing Chamber technology. RESULTS The particle size of EVO-PC-SMEDDS was （53.63±1.51）nm，PDI and Zeta potential were 0.217±0.017 and （－12.20±0.15）mV，entrapment efficiency was （95.25±0.97）％ and drug-loading amount was （19.30±1.21）mg/g. EVO-PC- SMEDDS exhibited a uniformly dispersed round spherical shape under transmission electron microscope. Stability experiments showed that EVO-PC-SMEDDS exhibited no significant change in particle size ，PDI and Zeta potential under the simulated gastric fluid with different pH and showed excellent stability. Results of in vitro release test showed that compared with evodiamine （EVO），in vitro accumulative release of EVO-PC-SMEDDS were enhanced 6.83-fold，which was in line with the first-order kinetic release model. Results of gastric mucosal permeability showed that gastric mucosal permeation transport ，permeation rate ， permeation flux and area under curve of cumulative permeability of EVO-PC-SMEDDS were higher than those of EVO ， respectively. CONCLUSIONS EVO-PC-SMEDDS is prepared N successfully and shows good stability. It could significantly improve the release behavior and gastric mucosal permeability of EVO.
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OBJECTIVE：To optimize the form ulation of Zuojin pectin c apsules，and to prepare modern Zuojin pectin capsules with protective effects against gastric ulcers. METHODS ：The formulation of Zuojin pectin capsules was optimized with orthogonal test with the contents of pectin ，soluble starch and dextrin as factors ，using formability ，moisture absorption and flow ability as indicators. Zuojin pectin capsule was prepared by wet granulation filling method with Zuojin extract powder as raw material. The contents of palmatine hydrochloride ，berberine hydrochloride ，evodiamine and rutaecarpin were evaluated by HPLC. Basket method was used to investigate the release behavior of the capsule in 0.1 mol/L HCl solution. The gastric ulcer model of rats was established by intragastric administration of 75％ ethanol. Gastric ulcer index ，the inhibition rate of gastric ulcer and the pathological sections were used as indexes to investigate the protective effect of Zuojin pectin capsules （the doses were 54，108， 216 mg/kg）on gastric ulcer. RESULTS ：The optimal formulation of Zuojin pectin capsules included 45％ pectin，12％ soluble starch，27％ dextrin and 1％ xylitol. Results of in vitro drug ， release showed that palmatine hydrochloride and berberine， hydrochloride in Zuojin pectin capsules released 53.76％ and No.54.82％ respectively within 1 h，completely released at about 8 h， and conformed to the zero-order release behavior. 2492109374@qq.com Different doses of Zuojin pectin capsule could improve the ulcer injury of gastric tissue in gastric ulcer model rats to different extent ，and significantly reduced the gastric ulcer index（P＜0.01），significantly increased the inhibition rate of gastric ulcer and the percentage of positive expression area of Schiff ’s iodate staining （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：Zuojin pectin capsule with protective effect on gastric ulcer and certain sustained- release effect is successfully prepared.
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OBJECTIVE：To optimi ze and improve the quality standard for Keqing capsules. METHODS ：According to general rule 0502 method stated in 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopeia （part Ⅳ），TLC method was used to identify Reineckia carnea and Morus alba in Keqing capsules [the developing solvents were dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-formic acid （10 ∶ 4 ∶ 0.2，V/V/V） and ethyl acetate-carbinol-ammonia （12 ∶ 2 ∶ 1，V/V/V），respectively]. The contents of morphine and codeine phosphate in Keqing capsules were determined by HPLC. The determination was performed on XBridge C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.01 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution （pH value adjusted to 2.7 with 5％ phosphoric acid solution）（5 ∶ 95，V/V）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm，and the column temperature was 35 ℃. The sample size was 10 µL. RESULTS ：In TLC of R. carnea and M. alba in samples ，same color spots were shown in the correspon ding positions of reference substance chromatogram without interference from negative control. The linear range of morphine and codeine phosphate were batches of Keqing capsules were 0.97-1.37，0.16-0.37 mg/g，respectively. CONCLUSIONS ：TLC identification method for R. carnea and M. alba ，as well as HPLC content determination method for morphine and codeine phosphate in Keqing capsules are established；the method is simple ，accurate and reliable with strong specificity ，which improves the quality standard of Keqing capsules.
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OBJECTIVE：To optimize the p reparation technology of citronellol submicroemulsion. METHODS ：The content of citronellol in Citronellol submicroemulsion was determined by HPLC. Citronellol submicroemulsion by high-speed shearing dispersion-high pressure homogenization method ，with centrifugation stability constant （ke） and particle size were used as evaluation indexes. Its formulation and preparation technology were optimized and validated. Drug-loading amount and encapsulation rate of the preparation were detected. RESULTS ：The linear range of citronellol were 4-64 μg/mL（R 2＝0.999 9）. RSDs of precision ，stability（24 h）and reproducibility tests were all lower than 3％. The recoveries were 97.64％-101.97％（RSD＝ 2.28％，n＝3），97.71％-99.50％（RSD＝1.29％，n＝3），96.87％-101.48％（RSD＝2.86％，n＝3）. The optimal formulation included that total weight of soybean oil and medium chain triglycerides （1 ∶ 1，g/g）was 3.75 g，1.2％ soybean phospholipid was 0.6 g， cholesterol was 0.06 g，citronellol was 1.25 g，0.6 ％ sodium oleate was 0.3 g，15-hydroxystearic acid polyethylene glycol ester was 0.75 g，poloxamer 188 was 0.75 g，water added to 50 mL. After prepared by optimal technology at 4 ℃ which contained shearing speed of 13 000 r/min，lasting for 5 min， primary emulsion was adjusted to pH 7 with dilute hydro- chloric acid ，and homogenized with 600 Bar high pressure for 1434412440@qq.com 5 min. The parameters of Citronellol submicroemulsion accor- ding to optimal formulation and technology contained mean particle size of （91.05±0.26）nm，PDI of （0.20±0.01）， Zeta-potential of （－30.86±0.39）mV，average content of 649511230@qq.com citronellol（100.21±0.01）％，the drug-loading amount was （2.481 7 ± 0.000 7） mg/mL，the encapsulation rate was （99.27 ± 0.03）％ . CONCLUSIONS ：The optimal formulation and technology is stable and feasible.
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OBJECTIVE：To establish the fingerprint of crude/vinegar-processed Corydalis yanhusuo decoction pieces and their dispensing granules，and to determine the contents of five alkaloids （protopine，tetrahydropalmatine，corydaline，berberine hydrochloride，palmatine hydrochloride ）. METHODS ：HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Agilent TC-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1％ phosphoric acid solution-methanol （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm，and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. Using palmatine hydrochloride as reference ， Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition） was used to establish the fingerprint of 11 059） batches of C. yanhusuo decoction pieces ，7 batches of crude . yanhusuo dispensing granules ， 12 batches of vinegar- processed C. yanhusuo decoction pieces and 11 batches of vinegar-processed C. yanhusuo dispensing granules. The same HPLC method was adopted to determine the contents of protopine， tetrahydropalmatine， corydaline， berberine hydrochloride and palmatine hydrochloride in 41 batches of crude/ vinegar-processed C. yanhusuo decoction pieces and their dispensing granules. RESULTS ：There were 12 and 20 common peaks for crude C. yanhusuo decoction pieces and its dispensing granules ，and 14 and 16 common peaks for vinegar-processed C. yanhusuo decoction pieces and its dispensing granules. The similarity of each batch of same type were 0.529-0.981，0.342-0.985， 0.711-0.999，0.437-0.998，respectively. The linear range of protopine ，tetrahydropalmatine，corydaline，berberine hydrochloride and palmatine hydrochloride were 1.9-38.0，2.0-40.0，2.2-44.0，2.6-52.0，2.3-46.0 μg/mL（R2＞0.999 0）. The recoveries were 100.12％-100.98％（RSD＝1.05％-1.90％，n＝9）. RSDs of precision ，reproducibility，stability（24 h）and durability tests were all lower than 2.0％. The average contents of five alkaloids in different batches of crude/vinegar-processed C. yanhusuo decoction pieces and its dispensing granules were 0.24-0.46，0.37-0.82，0.24-0.58，0.07-0.75，0.24-0.76 mg/g. RSDs were 12.27％-147.48％. CONCLUSIONS：The fingerprint of crude/vinegar-processed C. yanhusuo decoction pieces and its dispensing granules is established successfully. The similarities of fingerprint are different before and after processing with vinegar ，and the contents of five alkaloids in C. yanhusuo decoction pieces and its dispensing granules are greatly different.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics behaviors and the bioavailability of aspirin phospholipid complex self-microemulsion in rats in vivo. METHODS:12 SD rats were randomly divided into aspirin suspension group(10 mg/kg)and as-pirin phospholipid complex self-microemulsion group (10 mg/kg),6 in each group. Rats were intragastrically administrated,and blood sample 0.6 mL was taken from jugular vein before administration and after 0.083,0.25,0.5,0.75,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,6.0, 8.0,12.0 h of administration. HPLC was used to determine the concentration of salicylic acid in rats'plasma. DAS 2.0 pharmacoki-netic software was adopted to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and relative bioavailability. RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic processes of both aspirin suspension and aspirin phospholipid complex self-microemulsion were in line with one-compartment mod-el. The salicylic acid of cmax of rats in aspirin suspension group and aspirin phospholipid complex self-microemulsion group were (1.904 ± 0.208),(6.457 ± 1.091) μg/mL;AUC0-12 h were (12.860 ± 1.327),(47.270 ± 12.860) μg/(h·mL);tmax were (2.167 ± 0.983),(0.917±0.540)h,respectively. Compared with aspirin suspension,salicylic acid of cmax and AUC0-12 h of aspirin phospholip-id complex self-microemulsion in rats in vivo were significantly increased (P<0.01),while tmax was significantly decreased (P<0.05);the relative bioavailability was 367.57%. CONCLUSIONS:Making aspirin into phospholipid complex self-microemulsion can improve the gastrointestinal absorption,with high relative bioavailability.
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OBJECTIVE:To prepare aspirin phospholipid complex (ASP-PC) and conduct the characterization. METHODS:Using the combination rate of ASP and PC as index,single factor test was used to screen the preparation method of ASP-PC,PC type,solvent type,reaction time,reaction temperature,solvent volume and drug-lipid ratio. The verification test was conducted. UV spectrophotometry,Thermogravimetric analysis,X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used for the characterization of ASP-PC. RESULTS:Magnetic stirring-condensing reflux method was adopted,drug-soybean phospholipids ratio was 1:3 (mol/mol),solvent was tetrahydrofuran,reacting for 3 h under 58 ℃. The average combination rate of prepared ASP-PC was 83.52％(RSD=1.16％,n=3). Compared with ASP,physical mixture of ASP and PC,UV spectrum showed that ASP-PC had no new absorption peak. Thermogravimetric analysis,X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the ASP and PC in ASP-PC were interacted;and ASP-PC changed little in quality within 0-300 ℃. CONCLUSIONS:ASP-PC can be successfully prepared,in which,ASP and PC were combined successfully;while there are still trace amounts of ASP in the form of crystals.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of salvianolic acid B(Sal B)on angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced cardiac fibro-blast proliferation,secretion of type Ⅲ collagen,protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9),Smad2/3,Smad7, and explore its mechanism of anti-myocardial fibrosis. METHODS:Cells were divided into blank control group(culture medium) Ang Ⅱ model group,Sal B low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose groups (12.5,25,50 μmol/L). After cultured 1 h by blank or drug-containing culture,except for blank control group,cells in other groups were added 1 μmol/L Ang Ⅱ to induce proliferation. for 24 h. MTT method and hematoxylin-eosin staining method were adopted investigate the effect of Sal B on proliferation. Western blot method was adopted to detect the effects of Sal B on protein expressions of type Ⅲ collagen,MMP-9,Smad2/3,Smad7. RE-SULTS:Compared with blank control group,cells in Ang Ⅱ model group were significantly proliferated,protein expressions of type Ⅲ collagen,MMP-9,Smad2/3 were obviously enhanced,protein expression of Smad7 was obviously weakened,with statisti-cal significances(P<0.05). Compared with Ang Ⅱ model group,the cell proliferation in Sal B groups were inhibited,protein ex-pressions of typeⅢcollagen,MMP-9,Smad2/3 were weakened,while protein expression of Smad7 was enhanced. Except the pro-tein expression of type Ⅲ collagen in Sal B low-dose and medium-dose groups,the protein expression of Smad2/3 in Sal B high-dose group did not change significantly,other indexes had statistical significances(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The anti-myo-cardial fibrosis effect of Sal B may be associated with inhibiting the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts,down-regulating protein ex-pressions of typeⅢcollagen,MMP-9,Smad2/3 and up-regulating protein expression of Smad7.
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OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of salvianolic acid B(Sal B)on angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)-induced cardiac fibro-blast proliferation,secretion of type Ⅲ collagen,protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9),Smad2/3,Smad7, and explore its mechanism of anti-myocardial fibrosis. METHODS:Cells were divided into blank control group(culture medium) Ang Ⅱ model group,Sal B low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose groups (12.5,25,50 μmol/L). After cultured 1 h by blank or drug-containing culture,except for blank control group,cells in other groups were added 1 μmol/L Ang Ⅱ to induce proliferation. for 24 h. MTT method and hematoxylin-eosin staining method were adopted investigate the effect of Sal B on proliferation. Western blot method was adopted to detect the effects of Sal B on protein expressions of type Ⅲ collagen,MMP-9,Smad2/3,Smad7. RE-SULTS:Compared with blank control group,cells in Ang Ⅱ model group were significantly proliferated,protein expressions of type Ⅲ collagen,MMP-9,Smad2/3 were obviously enhanced,protein expression of Smad7 was obviously weakened,with statisti-cal significances(P<0.05). Compared with Ang Ⅱ model group,the cell proliferation in Sal B groups were inhibited,protein ex-pressions of typeⅢcollagen,MMP-9,Smad2/3 were weakened,while protein expression of Smad7 was enhanced. Except the pro-tein expression of type Ⅲ collagen in Sal B low-dose and medium-dose groups,the protein expression of Smad2/3 in Sal B high-dose group did not change significantly,other indexes had statistical significances(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The anti-myo-cardial fibrosis effect of Sal B may be associated with inhibiting the proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts,down-regulating protein ex-pressions of typeⅢcollagen,MMP-9,Smad2/3 and up-regulating protein expression of Smad7.
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Objective To investigate the effects of aspirin(aspi) on rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) proliferation induced by aldosterone(ald) and the underlying molecular mechanisms .Methods Primary CFs from 1-3 day neonatal rats were digested by 0.08%trypsin and then purified by differential adhesion .The rats were divided into four groups:control group, DMEM medium ( free calf serum ) , ald group [ DMEM medium ( free calf serum ) +ald 1 ×10 -8 mol/L ] , aspi group [DMEM medium (free calf serum)+ald 1 ×10 -8 mol/L+aspi 1.11 ×10 -6 mol/L] and spiro group [DMEM medium (free calf serum)+ald 1 ×10 -8 mol/L +spiro 1 ×10 -6 mol/L].The morphology of CFs was assayed by HE staining methods .MTT Methods were used to measure cell proliferation .Western blotting was used to determine protein expression of TGF-β-Smad 2,3,4.Results HE Staining results showed that compared with the control group , ald activated cell proliferation and increased the cell division phase significantly (P<0.01).Compared with ald group, aspi+ald as well as spiro+ald could reduce cell division significantly ( P<0 .05 ) .MTT assay showed that compared with control group , ald could significantly improve the metabolism of MTT in CF (P <0.01).Compared with ald group, aspi +ald as well as spiro+ald could reduce the metabolism of MTT (P<0.01).Western blotting revealed that the expression levels of TGF-β-Smad 2, 3, 4 in CF were significantly increased by the stimulation of ald but were significantly reduced in aspi +ald and spiro+ald groups compared with ald group (P<0.01).Conclusion Aspi can inhibit the proliferation of CFs induced by ald,possibly by down-regulating the expression of Smad 2, Smad3 and Smad4.
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AIM:To investigate the dependence of the adrenoceptor regulation on oxidative stress in the rats with cardiac injury induced by high sympathetic activity .METHODS: Healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups:control, model, propranolol (Pro), prazosin (Praz), Pro+Praz, vitamin E (VE) and Pro+Praz+VE.The rats were intraperitoneally injected with norepinephrine ( NE) for continuous 16 d to reproduce cardiac injury , and treated with the respective drugs .During the experimental process , the body weight was recorded .At the end of the experiments , the following parameters were measured:the ventricular remodeling indexes ( cardiac index and hydroxyproline of the left ven-tricle), histopathologic examination , oxidative/antioxidative indexes [MDA, SOD, catalase (CAT), GSH-Px and total an-tioxidant capacity (T-AOC)], and energy metabolism (Na+-K+ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase).RESULTS: The in-crease of body weight in model group was significantly slower than that in control group after 9 d of treatment (P<0.05). The cardiac index and left ventricular hypertrophy were significantly increased .Oxidation/antioxidation and energy metabo-lism were disturbed.In Pro, Praz, Pro+Praz and VE groups, the body weight, cardiac index, left ventricular fibrosis and oxidative/antioxidative dysfunction were ameliorated .Pro, Praz and Pro +Praz increased the activity of Na +-K+ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+ATPase.Treatment with Pro+Praz showed the best result in all of the indexes (P<0.05).CONCLU-SION:The dependence of adrenoceptor regulation plays an important role in the formation of oxidative stress in the process of rat cardiac injury induced by high sympathetic activity .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the protective effect of oxymatrine (OMT) on myocardial fibrosis induced by acute myocardial infarction in rats and its effect on TGF-beta-Smads signal pathway.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Arteria coronaria ligation-induced acute myocardial infarction model was established in rats. The survived rats were randomly allotted into the model group, 50, 25, 12.5 mg x kg(-1) OMT groups, the 50 mg x kg(-1) captopril group, and the Sham-operated group which was treated as the model group without the arteria coranaria ligation. After 8 weeks of ligation, myocardial fibrosis was detected by HE and Masson staining, and the RT-PCR method were used to detect the expression of mRNA of TGF-beta-Smads signal system.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The histopathological examination showed decrease in cardiocytes, deposition of extra-cellular matrix, and increase of collagen contents after 8 weeks of ligation. RT-PCR results showed that mRNA expressions of TGF-beta1, TbetaR1, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4 significantly increased, but mRNA expression of Smad7 is remarkable lower than the sham-operated group. Treatment with OMT for 8 weeks could remarkably inhibit myocardial fibrosis, decrease mRNA expressions of TGF-beta1, TbetaR1, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4, and increase mRNA expressions of Smad7.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>OMT has the inhibitory effect on the experimental myocardial fibrosis induced by AMI in rats. Its mechanism may be closely related to TGF-beta-Smads signal system.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Acute Disease , Alkaloids , Therapeutic Uses , Fibrosis , Myocardial Infarction , Myocardium , Pathology , Quinolizines , Therapeutic Uses , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Signal Transduction , Physiology , Smad Proteins , Genetics , Physiology , Transforming Growth Factor beta , Genetics , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Objective To study the effects of marrow mesenchymal stem cells on heart functions and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. Methods Myocardial infarction model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in adult SD rats. 4 and 8 weeks after MMSCs implantation, he-modynamic evaluations, left ventricular weight/body weight ratio and heart weight/body weight ratio were determined. HE staining was performed for counting microvasculars and Van Gieson staining was used for measurements and calculation of the myocardial fibrillar collagen. Then we investigated the migration and evolution of MSCs in vivo by fluorescent microscope. Results HR was significantly decreased in transplantation MMSCs group. Eight weeks after transplantation, body weight in transplantation MMSCs group reached that of control group. At the same time, SBP, DBP and MBP were significantly increased in transplantation MMSCs group. HR was significantly decreased in transplantation MMSCs group. Secondly, left ventricular weight/body weight ratio and heart weight/body weight ratio were significantly decreased 4 weeks after transplantation MMSCs. Then the ratio was significantly decreased 8 weeks after transplantation MMSCs. Thirdly density of microvasculars was increased at the boundary of infarction site in the animals transplanted MMSCs. Finally, total volume of the myocardial fibrillar collagen was reduced in the MMSCs treated groups after MI. Conclusion Transplanting MMSCs can improve the ventricular remodeling and heart functions in acute MI rat models.
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Aim: To evaluate the effects of bioactive extracts from Fructus Jujubae in attenuating the inflammation induced by Radix Kansui. Methods: Exoteric splenic lymphocyte ( SPL) of mouse and peritoneal macrophage ( PMψ) of rat were used as cell model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of fractions from Fructus Jujubae. MTT method was used to assay SPL proliferation, and Griess method was used in NO release of PMψ. Firstly, Radix Kansui fraction was applied to induce inflammatory effects of the cells, and then, the anti-inflammatory effects of five extracts of Fructus Jujubae were investigated to determine the active fractions in Fructus Jujubae, which probably contribute to the attenuation of Radix Kansui. The effects of Fructus Jujubae extract in interfering the gastrointestinal acute damages caused by the extract of Radix Kansui were observed according to the pathological sections of mice. Results: The extract RK-3 ( diterpenes) exhibited the most significant pro-inflammatory effect. The bioactive extracts B (micromolecule saccharides and amino acids), D(flavonoid glycosides), and E (triterpenes) of Fructus Jujubae could attenuate the action of RK-3. The effective extract of Fructus Jujubae protected stomach and duodenum of mouse from acute damages caused by the extract of Radix Kansui. Conclusion: Fraction RK-3 (diterpenes) of Radix Kansui had pro-inflammatory effects, and some extracts of Fructus Jujubae could attenuate this effect of Radix Kansui. The results helped to clarify that Fructus Jujubae attenuates the toxic effect of Radix Kansui in certain cases, and the bioactive extracts of Fructus Jujubae discovered in the experiments offer the basis for further research to the active components of Fructus Jujubae.
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Objective To study the effects of marrow mesenchymal stem cells on heart functions and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. Methods Myocardial infarction model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in adult SD rats. 4 and 8 weeks after MMSCs implantation,hemodynamic evaluations,left ventricular weight/body weight ratio and heart weight/body weight ratio were determined. HE staining was performed for counting microvasculars and Van Gieson staining was used for measurements and calculation of the myocardial fibrillar collagen. Then we investigated the migration and evolution of MSCs in vivo by fluorescent microscope. Results HR was significantly decreased in transplantation MMSCs group. Eight weeks after transplantation,body weight in transplantation MMSCs group reached that of control group. At the same time,SBP,DBP and MBP were significantly increased in transplantation MMSCs group. HR was significantly decreased in transplantation MMSCs group. Secondly,left ventricular weight/body weight ratio and heart weight/bodyweight ratio were significantly decreased 4 weeks after transplantation MMSCs. Then the ratio was significantly decreased 8 weeks after transplantation MMSCs. Thirdly density of microvasculars was increased at the boundary of infarction site in the animals transplanted MMSCs. Finally,total volume of the myocardial fibrillar collagen was reduced in the MMSCs treated groups after MI. Conclusion Transplanting MMSCs can improve the ventricular remodeling and heart functions in acute MI rat models.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of Kangguzhe Formula(KGZF) on promoting union of experimental rat fracture.Methods: The experimental rat fracture models were reproduced by cannon born injure,continually treated with KGZF 21d by oral administration.The X-ray,pathological histology and anti-fracture intension of fracture union tissue were detected to investigate the effects of KGZF.Results: KGZF can significantly improve the osteotylus rebuild,trabeculation of bone and concentrated osteoblasts of fracture tissue;X-ray detection also showed that it can increase the grade of X-ray and anti-fracture intension of fracture union tissue;Compared with model group,it had significant difference.Conclusion: KGZF can obviously improve the union of experimental rat fracture.
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Objective:To investigate the ameliorated effects of n-butanol extract from Radix Pseudostellariae(RP) on rat experimental cardiopulmonary Injury induced by acute myocardial infarction.Methods:The experimental rat cardiac and lung injury was reproduced by acute cardiac infraction ligating left coronary artery for 4 weeks.Cardiac function were assayed by hemodynamics,heart index and lung index were detected by weighting,pathologic change was checked out by histophathology,and cardiac infarction size was assayed by image analysis system.Results:After operation 4 weeks,cardiac function was disturbed according to the results of hemodynamics.Cardiac and lung index,and cardiac infarction size was significantly increased in model group.Results of histopathology indicated that cardiac myocyte decrease,cardiac fibrosis functional disorder of the heart,increase of heart index and lun index,inflammatory cell infiltration,and pulmonary congestion and edema and so on indicated the model was succeed.Continued administration of n-butanol extract from RP for 4 weeks can remarkable ameliorate cardiac function,decrease the cardiac and lung index,and attenuate the heart failure pathological change.Conclusion:N-butanol extract from RP can alleviate rat cardiopulmonary injury induced by acute myocardial infarction.The present research provided the pharmacological base of replenishing qi for invigorating the spleen and promoting body fluid production for nourishing lung.
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objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Jianguguben capsule on osteoporosis induced by retinoic acid in rats.Methods:The rats were given retinoic acid 75mg(kg/d)for 2 weeks by intragastric administration,at the same time treated with different drugs according to various groups consecutive for 4 weeks.The bone mine density(BMD)and bone mine capacity(BMC)were assayed by double energy X-ray bone-densitometry equipment,the blood was collected to assay the activity of StrACP in serum,and the hydroxyproline(HOP)contents of femur by commercial kits,the bone’s biomechanics of femur were detected.Results:Jianguguben capsule could significantly improve the bone’s biomechanics,increase the BMD, BMC,index of dry femur’weight,the contents of HOP in femur significantly,and remarkable decrease the level of StrACP in serum of the osteoporotic rats induced by retinoic acid.Conclusion:Jiangguguben capsule has anti-osteoporotic effect on osteoporotic rats induced by retinoic acid.